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Singh, Mewa
- Towards more individual-based and fitness-oriented captive mammal population management
Abstract Views :211 |
PDF Views:87
Authors
Affiliations
1 LTM Research and Conservation, 37130 Gleichen, DE
2 Biopsychology Laboratory and Institute of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, India and Evolutionary and Organismal Biology Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, IN
1 LTM Research and Conservation, 37130 Gleichen, DE
2 Biopsychology Laboratory and Institute of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, India and Evolutionary and Organismal Biology Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 109, No 6 (2015), Pagination: 1121-1129Abstract
Many captive populations of birds and mammals are not likely to reach sustainability due mostly to breeding problems. Identifying the conditions under which breeding problems and poor population growth are likely to occur and establishing more appropriate conditions, therefore, will be a necessary prerequisite for future successful conservation breeding and the long-term survival of captive populations. This article analyses the basic approaches and concepts of management programmes for captive mammals. It discusses and propagates an approach which might help increase the productivity of the populations and decrease the risk of viability problems. Evolutionary biology, ecology and conservation biology provide concepts that propose a critical role of the individual phenotype in the context of evolutionary processes, population development and conservation practice. It is assumed that this is not yet sufficiently reflected in the management of captive mammals and possibly other populations, thus contributing to fitness problems. A more individual-based population management that intends to focus on the ‘quality’ of the individuals and the individual phenotype therefore is proposed. Individuals have to be managed such that they are phenotypically represented in future generations.Keywords
Adaptive phenotypes, breeding problems, captive mammal populations, units of selectionFull Text
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- Why not be an Early-Bird Researcher?
Abstract Views :281 |
PDF Views:80
Authors
Affiliations
1 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411 008, IN
2 University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, US
3 University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, IN
1 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411 008, IN
2 University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, US
3 University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 108, No 6 (2015), Pagination: 1027-1028Abstract
No Abstract.Full Text
- Our Backyard Wildlife: Challenges in Coexisting with Uneasy Neighbours
Abstract Views :261 |
PDF Views:91
Authors
Affiliations
1 University of Mysore, Mysore 570 006, IN
2 Nature Conservation Foundation, 3076/5, IV Cross, Mysore 500 002, IN
1 University of Mysore, Mysore 570 006, IN
2 Nature Conservation Foundation, 3076/5, IV Cross, Mysore 500 002, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 106, No 11 (2014), Pagination: 1463-1464Abstract
No Abstract.Full Text
- Patterns of Dominance Relationships among the Females of a Captive Femaleonly Group of Lion-Tailed Macaques (Macaca silenus) during the Course of the Introduction of a New Adult Male
Abstract Views :205 |
PDF Views:84
Authors
Affiliations
1 Institute of Experimental Neurogeneration, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, AT
2 Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30502, US
3 LTM Research and Conservation, 37130 Gleichen, DE
4 Biopsychology Laboratory, University of Mysore, Mysore 570 006, IN
5 Wels Zoo, 4600 Wels, AT
1 Institute of Experimental Neurogeneration, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, AT
2 Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30502, US
3 LTM Research and Conservation, 37130 Gleichen, DE
4 Biopsychology Laboratory, University of Mysore, Mysore 570 006, IN
5 Wels Zoo, 4600 Wels, AT
Source
Current Science, Vol 109, No 4 (2015), Pagination: 803-807Abstract
Lion-tailed macaques are generally considered to have more despotic than egalitarian dominance relationships; however, research lacks any conclusive evidence. In the present study, we examined dominance relationships among the females (of which the genealogical relationships were known) of a captive female-only group of lion-tailed macaques (Macaca silenus) during the course of introduction of a new adult male to the group at the Wels Zoo, Wels, Austria. We determined the structure of dominance hierarchy and the corresponding changes in dominance relationships, possibly mediated by an increase in sexual competition among the females. When the females were housed together without any adult male for over four months following the death of the former breeding male, the dominance hierarchy almost followed the principle of youngest ascendency. When a new male was housed for 26 days in an enclosure adjacent to that of the females (such that the females and the new male could interact with each other through a wire mesh between their enclosures), changes in dominance hierarchy were observed. During this phase, there was a temporary change in the dominance hierarchy, leading to a higher degree of aggression of the nursing female and an increase in its dominance rank. This is corroborated by the fact that when the new male was housed together with the females in the same enclosure, it resulted in infanticide and subsequently, the nursing mother lost the higher rank. We consider the implications of the present study in the captive management and breeding of long-tailed macaque.Keywords
Captive Management, Dominance, Hierarchy, Lion-Tailed Macaque, Rank Instability.Full Text
- Mammals of South Asia, Volume II
Abstract Views :259 |
PDF Views:95
Authors
H. S. Sushma
1,
Mewa Singh
2
Affiliations
1 Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Anaikatty P.O., Coimbatore 641 108,, IN
2 Biopsychology Laboratory and Institute of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, IN
1 Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Anaikatty P.O., Coimbatore 641 108,, IN
2 Biopsychology Laboratory and Institute of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 110, No 4 (2016), Pagination: 723-724Abstract
No Abstract.Full Text
- Division of Labour:A Democratic Approach towards Understanding Manual Asymmetries in Non-Human Primates
Abstract Views :293 |
PDF Views:90
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, US
2 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411 008, IN
3 Biopsychology Laboratory, and Institute of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysore 570 006, IN
1 Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, US
2 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411 008, IN
3 Biopsychology Laboratory, and Institute of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysore 570 006, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 110, No 9 (2016), Pagination: 1630-1638Abstract
A consequence of the 'gold rush'-like hunch for human-like handedness in non-human primates has been that researchers have been continually analysing observations at the level of the population, ignoring the analysis at the level of an individual and, consequently, have potentially missed revelations on the forms and functions of manual asymmetries. Recently, consecutive studies on manual asymmetries in bonnet macaques, Macaca radiata revealed both the functional and adaptive significance of manual asymmetries respectively, and pointed towards the division of labour as being the general principle underlying the observed hand-usage patterns. We review the studies on manual asymmetries in capuchin monkeys, Cebus spp. and argue that the observed hand-usage patterns might reflect specialization of the two hands for accomplishing tasks that require different dexterity types (i.e. manoeuvring in three-dimensional space or physical strength). To this end, we do a step-by-step analysis of the various tasks used in the studies on manual asymmetries in capuchin monkeys. We then describe the division of labour as a general principle underlying manual asymmetries in non-human primates and propose experimental designs that would elaborate the forms and functions of manual asymmetries in non-human primates and the associated adaptive value.Keywords
Division of Labour, Hand Performance and Preference, Laterality, Manual Asymmetry, Non-Human Primates.Full Text
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- Fission-Fusion Species under Restricted Living Conditions:A Comparative Study of Dyadic Interactions and Physical Proximity in Captive Bonobos and Bornean Orangutans
Abstract Views :277 |
PDF Views:73
Authors
Affiliations
1 Haidhauser Str. 16, 81675 Muenchen, DE
2 Tiergarten Ulm (Zoological Garden Ulm), Friedrichsau 40, 89073 Ulm, DE
3 Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, US
4 LTM Research and Conservation, Eschenweg 5, 37130, Gleichen, DE
5 Biopsychology Laboratory, and Institute of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysore 570 006, IN
1 Haidhauser Str. 16, 81675 Muenchen, DE
2 Tiergarten Ulm (Zoological Garden Ulm), Friedrichsau 40, 89073 Ulm, DE
3 Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, US
4 LTM Research and Conservation, Eschenweg 5, 37130, Gleichen, DE
5 Biopsychology Laboratory, and Institute of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysore 570 006, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 110, No 5 (2016), Pagination: 839-850Abstract
The present study investigates how the 'fission-fusion-adapted' bonobos and Bornean orangutans manage social relationships when kept under permanent group-living conditions. Our results showed that the bonobos and orangutans did not differ in the overall frequency of dyadic interactions. The orangutans evidently realized a potential to interact with partners, which on a surface did not differ from what was found in the bonobos. However, the bonobos spent more time on sociopositive interactions, especially on grooming and sit in contact, whereas the orangutans agonistically interacted with each other more often. Though frequencies of approaching were similar between the two species, orangutans actively left the proximity to a partner more often than the bonobos, which in turn were more often in spatial proximity. The three groups of bonobos housed under different conditions differed from each other for sociopositive and agonistic interactions. The orangutans differed for agonistic but not for sociopositive interactions. As a striking difference between the species, it appeared that between subadult/adult orangutans, behaviours which required prolonged body contact occurred only rarely and briefly. Differences in bonding patterns have been discussed as a possible explanatory factor. The 'short and distant nature' of interactions between adult orangutans suggests the existence of social relationships, the management of which requires less 'servicing behaviours'. Subadult/adult orangutans may be less attracted by each other than individuals in more gregarious species: they may have the cognitive skills to interact, but may not be motivated to stay together for long.Keywords
Bonobo, Orangutan, Dyadic Interactions, Fission–Fusion Species, Spatial Proximity.Full Text
- Vijay Kumar Sharma (1967–2016)
Abstract Views :240 |
PDF Views:76
Authors
Mewa Singh
1,
Vinod Kumar
2
Affiliations
1 Biopsychology Laboratory, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, IN
2 Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110 007, IN
1 Biopsychology Laboratory, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, IN
2 Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110 007, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 111, No 10 (2016), Pagination: 1711-1712Abstract
Vijay Kumar Sharma, a familiar face in the community of biological sciences, passed away in Bengaluru on the morning of 24 October 2016 at a young age of 49 years. He has left a deep footprint in the area of research on biological rhythms. The scientific community has lost a young, energetic and affable colleague.Full Text
- Interactions of Lion-Tailed Macaque (Macaca silenus) with Non-Primates in the Western Ghats, India
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PDF Views:77
Authors
Affiliations
1 Bio-Psychology Laboratory and Institute of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, IN
2 Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Coimbatore 641 108, IN
1 Bio-Psychology Laboratory and Institute of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, IN
2 Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Coimbatore 641 108, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 112, No 10 (2017), Pagination: 2129-2134Abstract
Primates and non-primates inhabiting tropical forests may interact with each other since they coexist in the same communities. Primates usually interact with their prey, predators, competitors and neutral species. Using 'all occurrence' sampling, we have studied inter-specific interactions of lion-tailed macaques with non-primate species found in their habitat. We observed that the percentage of total time spent on interactions with non-primates was less than 1. Also, the percentage of total time spent in interacting with competitors, predators and neutral species was less than 0.5. The lack of predation pressure and lack of opportunities for mixed-species associations for increasing foraging efficiency appear to be the major reasons for the absence of interactions with nonprimates. By comparing with studies from other primate habitat regions, we observed that primates in South Asia interact much lesser with non-primates than those in South America and Africa. A previous study showed that the interactions of lion-tailed macaques even with other primate species in the Western Ghats are less than expected by chance.Keywords
Inter-Specific Competition, Mixed-Species Troops, Macaca silenus, Primate–Predator Interaction.Full Text
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- Science, Scientists, and Society:Renewing the Dialogue
Abstract Views :258 |
PDF Views:68
Authors
Mewa Singh
1,
Amitabh Joshi
2
Affiliations
1 University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570 006, IN
2 Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru 560 064, IN
1 University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570 006, IN
2 Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru 560 064, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 113, No 11 (2017), Pagination: 2055-2056Abstract
Over the past century, there have been many points of intersection between organized science, governmental policies and patronage, and societal benefits and concerns. In India, these linkages achieved prominence largely after independence. As in the West, the initial engagement of science, polity and society was marked by optimism, enthusiasm, and a belief that science would enable and empower governments to address various national problems, thereby enhancing the quality of life of the citizenry. In more recent decades, the euphoria has subsided, in part as science and society have both undergone rapid, far-reaching changes. The darker side of even the well-meaning application of at least some scientific technologies has also become more apparent, with greater appreciation of the longer-term detrimental effects of many scientific fixes to problems in areas ranging from food security to energy to disease. Another change is that scientific research has, on the whole, become more expensive, leading to a greater societal expectation of accountability.Full Text
- Altered Habitats, Altered Behaviours:Use of Plastic in Nest Building by Indian Palm Squirrel
Abstract Views :511 |
PDF Views:84
Authors
K. Mohan
1,
Mewa Singh
1
Affiliations
1 Bio-Psychology Laboratory and Institute of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, IN
1 Bio-Psychology Laboratory and Institute of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 114, No 05 (2018), Pagination: 963-963Abstract
Nests are observed throughout the animal kingdom, and in general, they are essential for the protection and upbringing of young ones. Owing to the thermal determination of sexes in reptilian species, and communal livelihoods of social insects, both nest-building and nests have received considerable scientific attention. Social insects communally build large nests and spend their lives completely within them. Birds build their nests just before egg laying and abandon them immediately after the departure of the fledglings. Chimpanzees build their nests for the purpose of sleeping and hence, construct them on a daily basis. Additionally, nests differ in shape, size and materials used to build them.Full Text
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- Demography and Birth Seasonality in the Nicobar Long-Tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis Umbrosus)
Abstract Views :245 |
PDF Views:75
Authors
Affiliations
1 Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Anaikatty (Post), Coimbatore 641 108, IN
2 Biopsychology Laboratory and Institution of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, IN
1 Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Anaikatty (Post), Coimbatore 641 108, IN
2 Biopsychology Laboratory and Institution of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 114, No 08 (2018), Pagination: 1732-1737Abstract
The Nicobar long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis umbrosus) is confined to the southern and central Nicobar archipelago. We have collected demographic and birth data for five groups of M. f. umbrosus to understand their group structure, demography and breeding seasonality. Group size, individuals in age–sex classes and age–sex ratio did not vary between the groups and years. The birth rate was neither associated with the number of adult females in the group nor with group size. The number of births in a month was positively correlated with rainfall, and about 71% of the births occurred during the rainy season, though, the number of births did not vary systematically among the months. Perhaps, higher availability of food resources in the wet season than the rest of the year may support lactation in females and provide food for the weaned infants. The similarity in some demographic traits between the Nicobar long-tailed macaque and other subspecies indicates that these traits may be conserved over evolutionary time, while for other traits, differences among subspecies may reflect the effect of local conditions and recent histories. This is the first report on demography and birth seasonality of this unique subspecies of the long-tailed macaque.Keywords
Birth Rate, Demography, Group Size, Population Dynamics.Full Text
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- Changes in Behaviour Following A ‘Rank Changeover by Challenge’ in the Nicobar Long-Tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis umbrosus)
Abstract Views :231 |
PDF Views:70
Authors
Affiliations
1 Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Coimbatore 641 108, IN
2 Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, IN
3 Biopsychology Laboratory and Institution of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, IN
4 Organismal Biology Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advance Scientific Research, Bengaluru 560 064, IN
1 Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Coimbatore 641 108, IN
2 Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, IN
3 Biopsychology Laboratory and Institution of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, IN
4 Organismal Biology Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advance Scientific Research, Bengaluru 560 064, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 117, No 4 (2019), Pagination: 672-682Abstract
A rank changeover is a sexual strategy by primate males to gain access to reproductive females. We observed one such event in the Nicobar long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis umbrosus) at the Great Nicobar Island, India. In the three and half months of the post-rank changeover period, the home range reduced significantly while there was no change in the intensity of range use and day range length. The sleeping sites in the post-rank changeover period were confined to the centre of the home range. The overall mating rate and aggressive mating approach by males increased significantly during the post-rank changeover period. The females developed sexual swelling and started soliciting the immigrated males within two weeks after the rank changeover event. During this period no female conceived, which suggests that they used situation-dependent receptivity with deceptive swelling as a counter strategy to avoid male aggression for copulation.Keywords
Between-Group Encounters, Grid Use, Nicobar Long-Tailed Macaque, Rank Changeover, Reproductive Behaviour.Full Text
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Authors
Shanthala Kumar
1,
Honnavalli N. Kumara
2,
Avadhoot D. Velankar
3,
Partha Sarathi Mishra
4,
Arijit Pal
3,
P. Sundararaj
1,
Mewa Singh
5,
S. Vinoth
6
Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, IN
2 Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Anaikatty Post, Coimbatore 641 108, IN
3 Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Anaikatty Post, Coimbatore 641 108, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, IN
4 Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India; Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Anaikatty Post, Coimbatore 641 108, IN
5 Biopsychology Laboratory and Institution of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, IN
6 Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Anaikatty Post, Coimbatore 641 108,, IN
1 Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, IN
2 Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Anaikatty Post, Coimbatore 641 108, IN
3 Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Anaikatty Post, Coimbatore 641 108, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, IN
4 Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India; Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Anaikatty Post, Coimbatore 641 108, IN
5 Biopsychology Laboratory and Institution of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, IN
6 Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Anaikatty Post, Coimbatore 641 108,, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 122, No 10 (2022), Pagination: 1199-1208Abstract
Changes in the habitat can drive the species to adapt to the changing environment that may lead to a risk of infection and the emergence of diseases. The prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites (henceforth endoparasites) in a species is an indicator of changing habitat conditions, and the study of the same is important when the species is restricted to a few islands. Macaca fascicularis umbrosus, endemic to Great Nicobar, Little Nicobar and Katchal islands. The December 2004 tsunami destroyed much of its habitat and pushed them to agriculture fields, leading to a conflict. To study the endoparasites in these macaques, we collected 160 faecal samples from five groups of macaques on Great Nicobar, one group on Little Nicobar, and two groups on Katchal between 2014 and 2016. The endoparasite eggs and cysts were isolated from the faecal samples using flotation concentration and sedimentation techniques in the laboratory. The number and percent prevalence of endoparasites recorded in Great Nicobar, Little Nicobar and Katchal was 13, 5 and 3, and 69.38%, 60.00% and 39.39% respectively. The Campbell Bay group on Great Nicobar had 12, whereas other groups had 2–7 endoparasite taxa. The protozoan load was higher than the helminth load but the overall, helminth, and protozoan load did not differ between the islands. Ascaris sp., Oesophagostomum sp., Strongyloide ssp., Bunostomum sp. and Balantidium coli were the predominant endoparasites. The persistence of macaque with people probably has increased the richness and prevalence of endoparasites on Great Nicobar than in the other two islands.Keywords
Changing habitat, faecal samples, gastrointestinal parasites, islands, long-tailed macaque.References
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- Mammalian diversity, distribution and potential key conservation areas in the Western Ghats
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Anaikatty Post, Coimbatore 641 108, India, IN
2 Biopsychology Laboratory, Vijnana Bhavan, Institution of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, India, IN
3 Biopsychology Laboratory, Vijnana Bhavan, Institution of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, India; Zoo Outreach Organization, No. 12, Thiruvannamalai Nagar, Saravanampatti–Kalapatti Road, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore 641 035, India, IN
4 Zoo Outreach Organization, No. 12, Thiruvannamalai Nagar, Saravanampatti–Kalapatti Road, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore 641 035, India, IN
1 Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Anaikatty Post, Coimbatore 641 108, India, IN
2 Biopsychology Laboratory, Vijnana Bhavan, Institution of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, India, IN
3 Biopsychology Laboratory, Vijnana Bhavan, Institution of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, India; Zoo Outreach Organization, No. 12, Thiruvannamalai Nagar, Saravanampatti–Kalapatti Road, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore 641 035, India, IN
4 Zoo Outreach Organization, No. 12, Thiruvannamalai Nagar, Saravanampatti–Kalapatti Road, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore 641 035, India, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 124, No 1 (2023), Pagination: 38-49Abstract
An updated list confirms the presence of 134 species of wild mammals in the Western Ghats, India. The superimposed distribution range of all, and threatened species of mammals depicts the potential mammalian key diversity areas for the Western Ghats, which can be prioritized for long-term conservation. These mammalian key diversity areas are confined to the central and the southern Western Ghats. The most crucial key diversity areas for both threatened and all mammalian species occur in Pushpagiri–Talakaveri, the Nilgiri Biosphere, the Anamalai Hills, the Periyar landscape and the Agastyamalai HillsFull Text
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Biopsychology Laboratory, Institution of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, IN
2 Department of Zoology, Kannur University, Mananthavady Campus, Kannur 670 645, IN
3 Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, IN
4 National Centre for Biological Sciences, GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560 065, IN
1 Biopsychology Laboratory, Institution of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570 006, IN
2 Department of Zoology, Kannur University, Mananthavady Campus, Kannur 670 645, IN
3 Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, IN
4 National Centre for Biological Sciences, GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560 065, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 125, No 1 (2023), Pagination: 66-72Abstract
Habitat suitability difference between sexes results in sex-specific dispersal. Although this behaviour is one of the key factors in understanding population dynamics, there are limited studies to evaluate it in arboreal species. We studied the distribution of the Indian Giant Squirrel (IGS; Ratufa indica maxima) from a sex perspective. We also evaluated potentiallly suitable habitat types for the species in the Nelliyampathy Reserve Forest, Western Ghats, Kerala, India. We used the sweep survey method to record the distribution pattern of squirrels and analysed the influence of climatic layers and other variables on the distribution using MaxEnt. The study revealed that there was a difference between the sexes in habitat selection. Males preferred more land-use types than females, which were restricted to only certain land-use types. Some of the major factors that determined the distribution of species were distance from urban settlement (50.1%), distance from shade plantation (23.2%), distance from rocky outcrop (9.2%), minimum temperature of the coldest month (9%) and precipitation of the wettest quarter (8.5%). The final MaxEnt model output predicted 49.07% suitable habitat for IGS, of which 45.47% and 34.42% were suitable for males and females respectively, with an overlap of 30.82% between the sexes. We suggest that it would be important to include a sex perspective in species habitat suitability studies in order to gain insights into sex-related habitat specificity and its role in dispersal.Keywords
Conservation Measures, Distribution Modelling, Habitat Loss, Ratufa indica maxima, Sex-Specific Dispersal.Full Text
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